Indonesia Importir Gula Terbesar di Dunia Selang 2023-2024

Manado, VivaSulut.com – Indonesia menjadi importir gula terbesar di dunia. Data Departemen Pertanian AS (USDA) menunjukkan, impor gula Indonesia tahun 2022/2023 mencapai 5,8 juta ton, naik dari tahun 2021/2022 yang mencapai 5,46 juta ton.

Indonesia menempati posisi pertama importir gula dunia, disusul China yang mengimpor 4,4 juta ton pada periode 2022/20223.

Dilansir dari cnbcindonesia.com, tahun ini, Indonesia diprediksi bakal mengimpor sekitar 5,6 juta ton. Di mana, volume tersebut adalah impor gula mentah (raw sugar) baik untuk konsumsi maupun rafinasi, serta impor gula konsumsi yang ditugaskan pemerintah.

Kepala Badan Pangan Nasional (Bapanas) Arief Prasetyo Adi menyebutkan sejumlah bahaya yang bisa dialami Indonesia apabila tetap mengandalkan impor gula dari luar negeri.

Pertama, ketika harga gula internasional sedang tinggi maka itu akan mempengaruhi harga gula di dalam negeri. Belum lagi jika ada negara-negara produsen gula yang menutup keran ekspornya, sehingga Indonesia tidak bisa dipasok gula dari negara tersebut.

“Harga gula di sana naik, apapun alasannya mau itu di-banned, mau itu dipakai untuk etanol, mau port-nya loading 2 bulan, apapun pasti akan mempengaruhi harga gula di Indonesia,” jelas Arief, Jumat (1/12/2023).

Kemudian yang kedua, kenaikan harga gula di dalam negeri juga bisa dipengaruhi oleh nilai tukar rupiah atau currency rate. Karena ketika mengimpor tentunya transaksi menggunakan dollar Amerika Serikat (AS), sehingga currency rate berpengaruh penting dalam menentukan harga gula di dalam negeri.

“Yang gak kalah pentingnya adalah currency rate. Kalau tahun lalu dollarnya misal currency Rp13.500/US$, hari ini Rp15.500/US$, kemarin sempat Rp15.900/US$. Ya harga hari ini kan harga impor beberapa bulan lalu, 1-2 bulan lalu saat harga currency kita di atas Rp15.500/US$ gitu ya,” terang Arief.

Untuk itu, Arief berencana mengajak Kementerian Pertanian, khususnya Dirjen Perkebunan untuk mulai mengaktifkan kembali P3GI.

“Bibitnya kalau memang harus mengambil bibit impor dari Australia atau Brasil atau dari manapun, ya kita harus lakukan. Bibitnya harus dibenarin pupuknya harus dibenarin, produksinya dibenarin, pabriknya dibuat efisien, rendemen nya harus seperti di luar (negeri) di atas 11%-12%,” terang Arief.

“Selama kita gak melakukan itu, maka harga gula pasti gak akan bergerak bagus,” tambahnya.

Dengan begitu, ujarnya, Indonesia tak lagi mengandalkan pasokan impor, yang kemudian menyebabkan harga gula di dalam negeri selalu terpengaruh gejolak dari luar. Mulai dari efek nilai tukar sampai gejolak di pasar internasional.

“Saat ini merupakan kesempatan Indonesia untuk membangun pertanian-perkebunan di dalam negeri, sehingga nantinya tidak ketergantungan oleh importasi lagi,” ucap Arief.

(redaksi)

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